
Breaking from the Past
After more than a decade since the National Green Tribunal (NGT) banned rat-hole mining due to its dangerous, illegal, and environmentally destructive nature, Meghalaya is transitioning to regulated and modern coal extraction methods .
The Operational Mines
Two coal blocks have recently commenced production under scientific mining principles:
- Saryngkham A Coal Block (East Jaintia Hills): Permission granted on March 10, 2025; production began on June 3, 2025 .
- Pyndengshahlang Coal Block (West Khasi Hills): Permission granted on May 2, 2025; production began on June 5, 2025 .
This marks a pivotal moment: scientific coal mining is now officially underway in Meghalaya .
Driving Forces Behind the Move
The Ministry of Coal has championed this move as a shift toward legal, safe, and environmentally sustainable coal extraction, aiming to bolster energy security and support economic development in the Northeastern region .
On the Ground: Activation and Outreach
- Reports confirm that the two blocks have begun production after meticulous clearances .
- Legal transport of scientifically mined coal has also commenced, with trucks flagged off—some already en route to destinations like Bihar .
Looking Ahead
Chief Minister Conrad K. Sangma has announced that more mining entities are in the pipeline. He revealed that 11 additional mining operations are awaiting approval and are expected to begin soon, especially in East Jaintia Hills and West Khasi Hills.
Why It Matters
Benefit | Context |
Environmental Restoration | Replacing hazardous rat-hole mining with scientifically regulated operations aims to reduce ecological damage and improve public safety. |
Economic Uplift | Reviving the coal industry could spur local employment and revenue, while contributing to India’s energy self-sufficiency. |
Policy Precedent | This could serve as a blueprint for integrating sustainable practices in mining across other regions. |
Conclusion
On August 7, 2025, the Ministry of Coal, through concerted efforts, enabled the operationalisation of scientific coal mining in Meghalaya. The move transcends regulatory compliance—it signals a broader commitment to sustainable development and energy security in India’s North-East .
Feel free to let me know if you’d like a deeper dive into the environmental regulations, local responses, or economic outcomes tied to this development.